LA DECENTRALISATION
C’est quoi la décentralisation?
La décentralisation consiste en un transfert de pouvoirs de l’État vers une personne morale de droit public distincte de lui. Cette dernière dispose d’une autonomie plus ou moins grande, selon le degré de décentralisation, d’un budget propre, et reste sous la surveillance de l’État, autorité de tutelle.
On distingue la décentralisation territoriale qui s’applique aux collectivités locales et la décentralisation technique -ou fonctionnelle- concernant les institutions spécialisées dotées de la personnalité morale comme les établissements publics.
Les types majeurs de décentralisation
Selon le Professeur Dennis A. Rondinelli de l’Université du Wisconsin[1] et soutenu par le Professeur Echraf Ouedrago de l’Université Laval, il y a quatre types majeurs de décentralisation :
- une décentralisation administrative (déconcentration[2])
- une décentralisation fonctionnelle (délégation)
- une décentralisation politique (dévolution)
- une décentralisation structurelle (privatisation)
Documentation sur la décentralisation au Congo Démocratique :
Projet du calendrier de l’installation des nouvelles provinces.-
Le fédéralisme : piège pour la balkanisation de Congo Kinshasa.
-
Déclaration politique relative à l’avenement de la province de l’Ituri.
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